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Jewry: Fake and truth in the Old Testament (OT) according to documents and excavations

New identity by new Jewish history by help of chronology and archaeological research

32. Southern Kingdom of Judah: religion is hot spot of conflicts - propaganda for a 1 god religion

by Michael Palomino (2006 / 2010)

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from: Israel Finkelstein / Neil A. Silberman: The Bible unearthed. Archeology's New Vision of Ancient Israel and the Origin of Its Sacred Texts; The Free Press, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc., 2001; German edition has got the title "No trombones before Jericho" (orig. German: "Keine Posaunen vor Jericho"): edition C.H.Beck oHG, Munich 2002;

Here in this analysis is used the German version "Keine Posaunen vor Jericho" of DTV, Munich 2004, second edition of 2005. All page indications refer to the German version. I hope the page numbers are not very different.


Propaganda against all gods but "God"

In southern Reich of "Judah" the propagandists are beginning a religious reform movement now with the aim to ban all gods but God (JHWH). The temple in Jerusalem shall be cleaned of all "foreign" gods (p.250).

There is a big quarrel and dispute provoked by this: The warner prophets claim that they want to prevent another ruin as it had been with northern kingdom of Israel, and they get many followers, more than the other gods. By this religious law and religious policy are "present". But now the propagandists also claim that all Israelites have to have the same belief, and Jerusalem is getting stronger and stronger. Priests and prophets are propagating the "right" form of adherence for all inhabitants of Judah and all Israelites from the ex northern Reich of Israel (p.267).

This "God alone movement"

-- means that an orthodox form of belief would be good

-- also wants to manipulate the history of the Jews presenting one single history for all Jews with Jerusalem as the central place

-- and it can be admitted, that the "God alone movement" had connections to economy, policy and culture, and that the final goal was the reconquest of the northern Reich with a new "dynasty of David" with the center in Jerusalem, and all other centers of religious cults of the North should be destroyed (p.269).

[That's religious dictatorship].

The religious censorship in kingdom of Judah under king Hezekiah according to faked OT

OT claims:

-- king Hezekiah is said having ruled in Jerusalem as "good" king for 25 years and had executed general religious reforms guaranteeing"purity" and "loyalty" to God since the alleged king David (p.253)

-- king Hezekiah is said having converted Jerusalem in a center of adherence of God and is said having installed the dynasty of David as the only mediator between the population and God (p.270)

-- king Hezekiah is said having induced the elimination of the sacrifice tables on the "heights" (on the hill tops)
-- king Hezekiah is said having induced the destruction of the picture of goddess of fertility Ashera
-- king Hezekiah is said having destroyed the serpent of faked Moses
-- king Hezekiah is said having been the most loyal king to God (2d book of Kings 18,3-7) and only with king Hezekiah is said having been reinstalled all divinity as it had allegedly been under David (p.254)

[but there never was any king David before...]

OT claims that Hezekiah had been that brave like the faked king David, and whole Judah is said having been freed of the sins of the past by king Hezekiah (p.271).

According to faked OT King Hezekiah is said having sent messengers to the faked tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh - that means to the highlands in the ex northern Reich of Israel - for an invitation of Passover in Jerusalem (2d book of Chronicle 30,1; 30,10; 30,18). Biblical books of Chronicle of OT are presenting this king Hezekiah as a second Solomon, and Hezekiah is said having unified whole Israel around the temple of Jerusalem. Hezekiah is said having sought the leadership in Judah and also in the ex northern Reich of Israel (p.280).

The other cults of other gods are described in the OT of the Bible as a chaotic social diversity (p.269), and the old tribal structures in the countryside have also to be destroyed (p.269-270). The original Jewish tradition is called a Canaanite heresy and suddenly is qualified as foreign (p.270).

OT stating the prohibition of all other cults - OT never mentioning the representatives of the old cults

Historiography only has the literature of the priests of the "God alone movement". The methods of the enemies of king Hezekiah who want to tolerate the cults of Astarte (goddess of fertility), of the stars (celestial body) or of other gods are not delivered to posterity (p.285).

All cults without "God" - these are cults of fertility, or cults of the ancestors - are prohibited. All religious pluralism is prohibited (p.267). The "One God" propagandists are winning whereas the origin of this movement are the sermons of the northern kingdom of Israel (p.268). Finkelstein / Silberman estimate that the warner prophets have manipulated the Jewish priests and the royal officials (p.268) supporting the "One god movement" only (p.269).

[And by this the little kingdom of Judah shall be saved from the huge Assyrian Empire? That's an absolute nonsense...]

But the representatives of the traditional customs don't give up (p.268). But Bible conceals this.But according to Finkelstein / SilbermanBible would be another book when the traditionalists had "won".

Finkelstein / Silberman:

"If the adherents of the traditional forms of the syncretic [mixed religious] adherence [for many different gods] had won at the end, so there had possibly been a totally other Bible - or perhaps none at all." (p.269)

Archeology speaks about king Hezekiah: there were no religious reforms and no censorship

Archeology cannot find any archaeological finding of the alleged reforms under king Hezekiah installing a One God Belief. The both religious sites of Arad and Beersheba which are stated in connection with Hezekiah's reforms are controversial (p.270).

There are new traditions in Jerusalem: graves in the rocks for the rich

Above all for Jerusalem there are proved new rites of burial, eventually in connection with a new formed elite. At the slopes of the mountain ranges around Jerusalem there are installed graves in the rocks, often with rich installations, the roofs with gables, with comices, with pyramids with crowns, probably of the upper class, for the nobility or for high officials (p.266).

Findings of inscriptions of these graves indicate that the graves were from the nobility. The same kind of graves can be found in other towns ofthe hilly countryside (p.266).

OT is blaming these graves of luxury in the rocks, for example prophet Isaiah. He is blaming Sebna, the supreme royal palace guard, for having a grave in the rocked installed (Isaiah 22,15-16) (p.266).







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